Assessment of surface ozone over residential environments

Surface ozone [O[3]] has become one of the most important topic of air quality and climate change researches. This is because of causing harmful effects on human health, climate, vegetation and materials. For these reasons, understanding the processes which control the origin, trends, distribution and effects surface O[3] are important. In this paper, the surface O[3] concentration was investigated experimentally and numerically over residential environment. Surface O[3] was measured using Visible blind Ultraviolet sensors [UV Ozone Analyzer] over the period of 2008-2010 in Kuwait international airport. A back trajectory method based on HYbrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory [HYSPLIT] model was used for assessing the surface O[3] over residential environment. The diurnal, and seasonal variations of surface O[3] were analyzed and discussed. Furthermore, the effect of meteorological conditions on the surface O[3] was also analyzed. Diurnal variation shows that maximum O[3] concentration was at the noon and about minimum in the evening. Seasonal variation showed that February was a highest rate of O[3] concentration. Power stations are a major point source for O[3] precursors. The surface O[3] shows a medium correlation with temperature and a week correlation with wind speed

Application of pollution indices for evaluation of heavy metals in soil close to phosphate fertilizer plant, Assiut, Egypt

Pollution indices were used to investigate the levels of heavy metal concentrations in a polluted area under the effect of fertilizer plant emissions at Manqabad, Assiut. Huge amounts of dusts, fumes and gases containing heavy metals which are released from the industrial processing activities, precipitated in the neighbouring area by the effect of meteorological factors causing soil pollution. Soil samples were taken from the area downwind of the factory and analyzed to detect concentration of heavy metals in the study area. Results of soil analysis showed that the area has been harmfully affected by the heavy metals: Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn and their average concentrations are 0.3 mg/kg, 57.0 mg/kg, 94.7 mg/kg and 80.7 mg/kg respectively. These values exceeded the concentrations in soil background [0.013 mg/kg for Cd, 9.62 mg/kg for Cu, 5.17 mg/kg for Pb and 11.56 mg/kg for Zn] obtained from unpolluted area far from industrial activities and also exceeded the international standards for soil pollution stated by WHO. Pollution indices were developed to evaluate the levels of soil pollution with heavy metals. Index of geo-accumu!ation [Igeo], Enrichment Factor [EF], Pollution Index [PI], and Load Pollution Index [LPI], were estimated. The calculated results of contamination degree showed that the investigated area lies under the class of high pollution. In final conclusion, the investigated area is highly affected by emissions from the fertilizer plant So control measures should be applied to the fertilizer plant and the polluted soil area adjacent to the factory should be remediate

Pollution from gerga sugar factory monitoring and assessment

Air quality was studied in Gerga sugar factory to assess and evaluate pollution levels that are generating from sugar manufacturing process. Pollution levels of NO, SO[2], CO, CO[z] and THG gasses and paniculate matter were detected and determined. Also, associated parameters of meteorological conditions such wind speed, wind direction, temperature and pressure were evaluated. This was done using the mobile monitoring unit. The mobile monitoring unit is a mobile laboratory with rapid response instruments for real-time measurements of gasses and particulate distribution and emission source characteristics. The results showed that air quality in Gerga sugar factory has been affected from total hydrocarbons and sulfur dioxide gases that exceeded the acceptable levels. As, for particulate matter, it is considered the worst pollution problem hi the core of the sugar factory and neighbouring colonies. In general we can say that Gerga Sugar factory affects the air quality with a limit range of pollution